24PinTech Wiki - User contributions [en]

WordPress

2021-04-12T15:05:58Z

KNapier: added to the Uploading Images section

==Introduction==
[[File:Wp-admin.png|thumb|screenshot of the WordPress admin dashboard]]
[https://wordpress.org/ WordPress] is a content management system (CMS) that is functions primarily serve our [http://24pin.tech/ homepage] to users that would like to get help or discover more about the program. It's a very powerful platform that grants administrators creative freedom over whatever they want on their website.

==Installation==
The installation for WordPress is really simple. All you have to do is download the compressed file for the installation and extract it in the directory that you'd want to install it to. You can either download it from their [https://wordpress.org/download/ website here] or alternatively you can download it using <code>wget</code>. The command would be <code>sudo wget <nowiki>https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz</nowiki></code> on UNIX systems (if you're using aptitude for your package manager.) Once you've downloaded the file, run <code>sudo tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz</code> to extract it.

.

Once you've downloaded and extracted the file, visit your web server to continue with the installation process. From here you must create a Database for WordPress, we use MySQL the instructions for creating a database within MySQL goes as follows.

===Accessing MySQL===
First of all log onto your webserver. (Logan is 24PinTech's webserver)

Once in the webserver and you have access to the command line use this command to go into the MySQL command prompt <code>mysql -u <admin username> -p</code> then type in the password associated with your admin user. Upon success you should see a prompt that looks like such:
Welcome to MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5340 to server version: 3.23.54 . Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
Run the following commands to create the database, <code>CREATE DATABASE <database name>;</code> then, <code>GRANT ALL PRIVLEGES ON <database name>.* TO "<wordpress username>"@"<host name>"</code> Replace wordpress username and host name with the desired names. Do the same when it asks for a password.

To finish the creation of the database run these two commands <code>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;</code> and <code>EXIT;</code>then the MySQL monitor will personally say bye to you.

===Setting up the wp-config.php file===
You can either create and edit the <code>wp-config.php</code> file yourself, or you can skip this step and let WordPress try to do this itself when you run the installation script. (not recommended)

Follow these instructions if you wish to edit the file manually. Navigate to your domain's home directory then copy the <code>wp-config-sample.php</code>file and rename the copy to <code>wp-config.php</code> You can do this using the <code>cp</code> command within Linux, or running <code>sudo cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php</code> in your domain's home directory. Edit it using <code>sudo vim wp-config.php</code> press <code>i</code> to enter insert mode and change the following values. <blockquote>'''DB_NAME''' use the name of your database</blockquote><blockquote>'''DB_USER''' use the username of your database</blockquote><blockquote>'''DB_PASSWORD''' use the password of your database</blockquote><blockquote>'''DB_HOST''' use the hostname you determined for your database, whish is usually <code>localhost</code></blockquote>Then you must enter your secret key values. (good luck) To get your secret key values visit this website [https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ here] then go down to where the website matches the file. Enter your 8 unique keys by hand, make sure each character matches exactly, and you use the correct key for the correct slot. ie. <code>AUTH_KEY</code> goes with <code>AUTH_KEY</code> etc.

'''SAVE SAVE SAVE PLEASE''', you should also save while you are editing the file periodically. Save by pressing <code>esc</code> then typing <code>:w</code> and exit by pressing <code>esc</code> and typing <code>:q</code> , alternatively you can save and exit by pressing <code>esc</code> and typing <code>:wq</code>.

===Finishing Up===
You might have to move all of your WordPress files out of the WordPress directory into your domain's home directory. Do this with the <code>mv</code> command ie. <code>sudo mv wp-config.php /var/www/example.ms</code>.

Visit your webpage to finish the WordPress installation and to make a WordPress account.

====Links For Extra Explanations====
[https://wordpress.org/support/article/how-to-install-wordpress/#step-3-set-up-wp-config-php Installing WordPress]

[https://wordpress.org/support/article/creating-database-for-wordpress/ Creating a Database for WordPress]

==Management==
WordPress was created with the user's experience in mind. The dashboard is very intuitive, and the community is large enough to have answers to most questions/problems. In order to manage a WordPress powered website, you need to use the admin dashboard. In order to get to it, go to the WordPress installation's root directory and then navigate to the <code>/wp-admin</code> directory (i.e. website.com/wp-admin). From there, you can edit posts, the theme, pages, plugins, and more. If you don't know how to do something, Google it! The WordPress community has been around since 2003, so your question has most likely been asked and answered before.

===Logging In===
In order to log into WordPress, go to website.com'''/wp-admin''' (replace website.com with your domain).
[[File:W1.png|left|frameless|208x208px|screenshot of the login page]]

[[File:W2.png|left|thumb|150x150px|the ''Users'' tab on the sidebar in the dashboard]]

===Creating Accounts===
If you need to create an account, go to '''Users → Add New''' from the WordPress dashboard. From there, fill out all of the information for the new account and press the ''Add New User'' button.

If you need to edit any of the users (change username, reset password, etc), navigate to '''Users → All Users''' and click on the one that you need to modify.

===Adding Menu Items===
Before you can add an item to your primary menu, you need to have a new (or preexisting) page. If you need to create one, go to '''Pages → Add New''' and create it. Once it's created, navigate to '''Appearance → Menus''' and draw your attention to the ''Add Menu Items'' section. Find your new page in the list and click on the checkbox and click ''Add To Menu''.
[[File:W3.png|left|thumb|204x204px|adding an item to the ''Menu structure'' section]]

===Editing Page Contents===
To edit page content you want to first open the page you want to edit. To do this from Dashboard you want to go to '''Pages''' then click on the page you want then you click the blue button that says '''Edit with Elementor''' or from the pages section you can hover over the page you want to edit then some options will appear below of which you want to select '''Edit with Elementor'''. From there you can edit stuff already on the page, add more content or get rid of content.
[[File:W4.png|left|thumb|what it should look like when trying to create a dropdown menu]]

===Adding/Modifying Themes===
To add/modify themes you want to go to '''Appearance''' then you can select '''Themes''' to choose a theme or customize the one you already have selected. You can choose '''Customize''' to go directly to modifying the theme you already have selected. You can select '''Widgets''' to edit the widgets on different parts of your website like the header, sidebars and footer. You can select '''Menus''' and edit the menus. You can select '''Header''' to go instantly to editing the header. You can go to '''Background''' to edit the background.

===Uploading Images===
To upload an image you can select the '''Media''' section from the '''Dashboard'''. From there you can view images you already have uploaded and you can select '''Add New''' to add a new image. You can also add new images if you are already editing a page. To do this just drag the image widget to where you want it then you can choose image and insert an image that is already uploaded or upload a new image.

==Troubleshooting==
If after an installation you get prompted for FTP credentials, add the following line to the wp-config.php file in the directory that WordPress was installed
define(“FS_METHOD”, “direct”);

WordPress

2021-04-01T17:55:42Z

KNapier: added to editing page content and adding/modifying themes

==Introduction==
[[File:Wp-admin.png|thumb|screenshot of the WordPress admin dashboard]]
[https://wordpress.org/ WordPress] is a content management system (CMS) that is functions primarily serve our [http://24pin.tech/ homepage] to users that would like to get help or discover more about the program. It's a very powerful platform that grants administrators creative freedom over whatever they want on their website.

==Installation==
The installation for WordPress is really simple. All you have to do is download the compressed file for the installation and extract it in the directory that you'd want to install it to. You can either download it from their [https://wordpress.org/download/ website here] or alternatively you can download it using <code>wget</code>. The command would be <code>sudo wget <nowiki>https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz</nowiki></code> on UNIX systems (if you're using aptitude for your package manager.) Once you've downloaded the file, run <code>sudo tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz</code> to extract it.

.

Once you've downloaded and extracted the file, visit your web server to continue with the installation process. From here you must create a Database for WordPress, we use MySQL the instructions for creating a database within MySQL goes as follows.

===Accessing MySQL===
First of all log onto your webserver. (Logan is 24PinTech's webserver)

Once in the webserver and you have access to the command line use this command to go into the MySQL command prompt <code>mysql -u <admin username> -p</code> then type in the password associated with your admin user. Upon success you should see a prompt that looks like such:
Welcome to MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5340 to server version: 3.23.54 . Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
Run the following commands to create the database, <code>CREATE DATABASE <database name>;</code> then, <code>GRANT ALL PRIVLEGES ON <database name>.* TO "<wordpress username>"@"<host name>"</code> Replace wordpress username and host name with the desired names. Do the same when it asks for a password.

To finish the creation of the database run these two commands <code>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;</code> and <code>EXIT;</code>then the MySQL monitor will personally say bye to you.

===Setting up the wp-config.php file===
You can either create and edit the <code>wp-config.php</code> file yourself, or you can skip this step and let WordPress try to do this itself when you run the installation script. (not recommended)

Follow these instructions if you wish to edit the file manually. Navigate to your domain's home directory then copy the <code>wp-config-sample.php</code>file and rename the copy to <code>wp-config.php</code> You can do this using the <code>cp</code> command within Linux, or running <code>sudo cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php</code> in your domain's home directory. Edit it using <code>sudo vim wp-config.php</code> press <code>i</code> to enter insert mode and change the following values. <blockquote>'''DB_NAME''' use the name of your database</blockquote><blockquote>'''DB_USER''' use the username of your database</blockquote><blockquote>'''DB_PASSWORD''' use the password of your database</blockquote><blockquote>'''DB_HOST''' use the hostname you determined for your database, whish is usually <code>localhost</code></blockquote>Then you must enter your secret key values. (good luck) To get your secret key values visit this website [https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ here] then go down to where the website matches the file. Enter your 8 unique keys by hand, make sure each character matches exactly, and you use the correct key for the correct slot. ie. <code>AUTH_KEY</code> goes with <code>AUTH_KEY</code> etc.

'''SAVE SAVE SAVE PLEASE''', you should also save while you are editing the file periodically. Save by pressing <code>esc</code> then typing <code>:w</code> and exit by pressing <code>esc</code> and typing <code>:q</code> , alternatively you can save and exit by pressing <code>esc</code> and typing <code>:wq</code>.

===Finishing Up===
You might have to move all of your WordPress files out of the WordPress directory into your domain's home directory. Do this with the <code>mv</code> command ie. <code>sudo mv wp-config.php /var/www/example.ms</code>.

Visit your webpage to finish the WordPress installation and to make a WordPress account.

====Links For Extra Explanations====
[https://wordpress.org/support/article/how-to-install-wordpress/#step-3-set-up-wp-config-php Installing WordPress]

[https://wordpress.org/support/article/creating-database-for-wordpress/ Creating a Database for WordPress]

==Management==
WordPress was created with the user's experience in mind. The dashboard is very intuitive, and the community is large enough to have answers to most questions/problems. In order to manage a WordPress powered website, you need to use the admin dashboard. In order to get to it, go to the WordPress installation's root directory and then navigate to the <code>/wp-admin</code> directory (i.e. website.com/wp-admin). From there, you can edit posts, the theme, pages, plugins, and more. If you don't know how to do something, Google it! The WordPress community has been around since 2003, so your question has most likely been asked and answered before.

===Logging In===
In order to log into WordPress, go to website.com'''/wp-admin''' (replace website.com with your domain).
[[File:W1.png|left|frameless|208x208px|screenshot of the login page]]

[[File:W2.png|left|thumb|150x150px|the ''Users'' tab on the sidebar in the dashboard]]

===Creating Accounts===
If you need to create an account, go to '''Users → Add New''' from the WordPress dashboard. From there, fill out all of the information for the new account and press the ''Add New User'' button.

If you need to edit any of the users (change username, reset password, etc), navigate to '''Users → All Users''' and click on the one that you need to modify.

===Adding Menu Items===
Before you can add an item to your primary menu, you need to have a new (or preexisting) page. If you need to create one, go to '''Pages → Add New''' and create it. Once it's created, navigate to '''Appearance → Menus''' and draw your attention to the ''Add Menu Items'' section. Find your new page in the list and click on the checkbox and click ''Add To Menu''.
[[File:W3.png|left|thumb|204x204px|adding an item to the ''Menu structure'' section]]

===Editing Page Contents===
To edit page content you want to first open the page you want to edit. To do this from Dashboard you want to go to '''Pages''' then click on the page you want then you click the blue button that says '''Edit with Elementor''' or from the pages section you can hover over the page you want to edit then some options will appear below of which you want to select '''Edit with Elementor'''. From there you can edit stuff already on the page, add more content or get rid of content.
[[File:W4.png|left|thumb|what it should look like when trying to create a dropdown menu]]

===Adding/Modifying Themes===
To add/modify themes you want to go to '''Appearance''' then you can select '''Themes''' to choose a theme or customize the one you already have selected. You can choose '''Customize''' to go directly to modifying the theme you already have selected. You can select '''Widgets''' to edit the widgets on different parts of your website like the header, sidebars and footer. You can select '''Menus''' and edit the menus. You can select '''Header''' to go instantly to editing the header. You can go to '''Background''' to edit the background.

===Uploading Images===
ldkfjalkdfj

==Troubleshooting==
If after an installation you get prompted for FTP credentials, add the following line to the wp-config.php file in the directory that WordPress was installed
define(“FS_METHOD”, “direct”);

Nginx

2020-12-31T20:40:11Z

KNapier: Added another tip.

==About==
Nginx (pronounced engine-x) is web server which can also be used proxy, load balancer, mail proxy and HTTP cache. It's also a modern alternative to something like Apache, IIS, or Caddy.

==Prerequisites==
An nginx installation should be pretty accessible regardless of your OS. This guide is specifically written for Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS, but should work on any other type of Unix operating system. The setup that we're using is commonly referred to as a LEMP stack (Linux, nginx, MySQL, PHP.)

*nginx/1.14.0 (Ubuntu)
*PHP 7.2.10-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (cli)
*MySQL v14.14 Distribution 5.7.24

If you've just installed a new operating system, you'll want to update your local package index by running <code>sudo apt-get update</code>, and then add the Universe repository by running <code>sudo apt-add-repository universe</code>.

==Installing nginx==
To start, you're going to want to install nginx using the aptitude package manager. You can do this by running <code>sudo apt-get install nginx</code>. Once you run that, you'll want to go through the configuration prompt that appears.

.

After nginx and its subsequent dependencies have finished installing, you'll want to let it through the firewall by running <code>sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'</code>. Check what your current IP is by running <code>ifconfig</code>, and then look for whatever interface looks correct. In this instance, the proper interface is <code>eth0</code>.

.

[[File:Ifconfig-example.png|left|frame|an example of the results from ifconfig]]
After running the command, the first indented line should say '''''inet''''' and then an IP address afterwards. Verify functionality of nginx by going to your web browser and typing <code><nowiki>http://{ip}/</nowiki></code> where <code>{ip}</code> is what follows after '''''inet'''''.

If the default nginx page displays, continue to the next section.

.

.

.

.

.

==Installing MySQL==
The process of installing MySQL is fairly similar to installing nginx, although MySQL does require a little bit of configuration before it will function properly. Start off by running <code>sudo apt-get install mysql-server</code>, and then once it finishes run the setup script by typing <code>sudo mysql_secure_installation</code>.

.

The first thing that the installations script will ask you is if you'd like to enable the <code>VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN</code>, but don't. If you don't care about why, then skip to the next paragraph, but if you do, keep reading. Essentially, the plugin throws errors if passwords don't meet specific criteria. This causes issues if you either a.) use weak passwords, or b.) install a package that automatically compiles and creates a default account with basic credentials. '''It is always good practice to use strong passwords for everything, and database credentials are no exception.'''

.

Say yes to the rest of the questions and use good judgement if it asks something that requires anything other than a Y/N input.

==Installing PHP==
Again, installing PHP is very similar to two sections preceding this one. Start off by installing the <code>php-fpm</code> and <code>php-mysql</code> packages by running <code>sudo apt-get install php-fpm php-mysql</code>. After it installs, you'll want to edit <code>php.ini</code> by running <code>sudo vim /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini</code>.

.

'''''Note:''' If the file isn't found, check'' the directory path by using the <code>cd</code> command and seeing where something doesn't exist.

.

If you're using Vim, type a <code>?</code> and search for <code>cgi.fix_pathinfo</code>. You should be taken to a line that's commented out and says <code>;cgi.fix_pathinfo=0</code> or something similar. Press the <code>i</code> key to start editing and remove the <code>;</code> to uncomment it. If the variable is set to 1, change it to 0. Press the <code>escape</code> key and type <code>:wq</code> to save and quit your changes. If you didn't run Vim as a superuser (if you didn't run the command with <code>sudo</code>), it will throw and error and the file won't save.

.

Once the file saves, run <code>sudo systemctl restart php7.2-fpm</code> to restart PHP.

==Configuring nginx==
The configuration for nginx is a little different compared to anything you might be used to. To start, there are two directories: <code>sites-available</code> and <code>sites-enabled</code>. The former directory actually contains the configuration files, while the latter contains symbolic links to the configuration files and enables them.

.

To start, lets say that we wanted to configure our nginx server to work with the domain <code>example.ms</code>. First, we'd want to verify that the directory <code>/var/www/example.ms</code> exists. Move to the <code>sites-available</code> directory by entering the command <code>cd /etc/nginx/sites-available</code>. Next, you'll want to create a new configuration file with the name of the domain. You can either by running <code>sudo touch example.ms && sudo vim example.ms</code> or simply by running <code>sudo vim example.ms</code> since Vim creates the file if it doesn't exist. Again, press <code>i</code> to edit the file. Once you're in edit mode, you'll want the contents to look something like this:<pre>
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

# this is a comment! you don't have to include this, but if you're not
# going to be using a domain, then you can replace it with an IP
server_name example.ms;

root /var/www/example.ms;
index index.php index.html index.htm;

location = /favicon.io {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}

location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}

location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$args;
}

location ~ \.php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}

location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ {
expires max;
log_not_found off;
}
}
</pre>'''''Tip:''' You can periodically save your configuration file by pressing <code>escape</code>, typing <code>:w</code> , and then pressing <code>i</code> again to edit the file.''

'''''Tip''''': If you are adding another domain the <code>listen 80;</code> and <code>listen [::]:80;</code> isn't needed and you can go from <code>server {</code> to <code>server_name example.ms;</code>

''.''

Once you're completely done editing, save and quit the file by pressing the escape key and typing <code>:wq</code>. Finally, you can check your configuration file for errors by running <code>sudo nginx -t</code>. If there are any errors, refer back to your configuration file and see where you went wrong. In the event that nginx threw an error, review your configuration file and look for any missing <code>{</code>, <code>}</code>, or <code>;</code>. Every line that doesn't have curly brackets should end in a semicolon, which is probably the issue. If that isn't, then refer to your favorite search engine and start researching.

.

If nothing went wrong, and your configuration file is completely free of errors, run <code>cd ../sites-enabled</code> to move to the sites-enabled directory. Finally, to enable your website, run <code>sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.ms ./</code> to create the symbolic link to your configuration file, and then run <code>sudo systemctl restart nginx</code> to restart nginx and make your changes go live.

==Verifying Functionality==
Of course, you'll want to make sure that everything you just did actually works. Run <code>cd /var/www/example.ms && sudo vim info.php</code> to move to your websites home directory and create the file <code>info.php</code>. Inside of the file, type the following:<pre>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
</pre>... and then save and quit the file by pressing <code>escape</code> and typing <code>:wq</code>. Now, go to <code><nowiki>http://example.ms/info.php</nowiki></code>. If you didn't configure the nameservers for your domain to point to your new nginx server, then just replace the domain name with the IP of the server (refer to the <code>ifconfig</code> part of the [[Nginx#Installing nginx|Installing nginx]] section if you don't know how.)

.

If everything worked properly, you should see a PHP information page with a bunch of library authors and enabled modules. If it doesn't, research!

==Subdomains==
Adding subdomains is really easy and doesn't require a lot of effort. You'll just need to remember the general process from the [[Nginx#Configuring nginx|Configuring nginx]] section.

.

To start, navigate to the <code>sites-available</code> directory by running <code>cd /etc/nginx/sites-available</code>. Then, you can either copy a pre-existing configuration by running <code>sudo cp example.ms subdomain.example.ms</code> or creating a new file by running <code>sudo vim subdomain.example.ms</code>. If you copied it, edit the file by running <code>sudo vim subdomain.example.ms</code>.

===What needs to be changed===
The only important things that need to be changed are the <code>root</code> and <code>server_name</code> variables. Press <code>i</code> to start editing the file in Vim, and then find where the variables are located. Change the <code>root</code> variable to an updated path where the contents for the subdomain can be found. Generally, good practice for this is to create a new folder in the primary domains path with the name of the subdomain. So, if we were trying to create <code>subdomain.example.ms</code>, we'd create a new folder by running the command <code>sudo mkdir /var/www/example.ms/subdomain</code>. Then, we'd modify our <code>root</code> variable to look something like this:<pre>
# before
root /var/www/example.ms;

# after
root /var/www/example.ms/subdomain;
</pre>The <code>server_name</code> variable is just as simple. Just add the subdomain prefix to the beginning of your domain:
# before
server_name example.ms;

# after
server_name subdomain.example.ms;
Once you've made the proper changes, save and quit the file by pressing <code>escape</code> and typing <code>:wq</code>. Then, run <code>cd ../sites-enabled && sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/subdomain.example.ms ./</code> and restart nginx by running <code>sudo systemctl restart nginx</code>.

==Adding other domains (that aren't subdomains)==
The process is exactly the same as adding a subdomain, except instead of adding a prefix the value of <code>server_name</code> you'll just completely change the domain. Again, don't forget to create the symbolic link to the configuration file and ''especially'' don't forget to restart nginx after saving the config/creating the symbolic link. When you're creating the folder to contain the contents for the server, create a new folder that has the name of the domain. So, for instance, if I was creating example2.ms, I'd run <code>sudo mkdir /var/www/example2.ms</code>. Now that the domain is ready go to [http://wiki.24pin.tech/index.php?title=WordPress WordPress]if you are planning on using WordPress as your editor.

==Conclusion==
By now, your nginx server should be up and fully operational. As always, if you're having any issues please STFW before you ask people for advice!

.

Thank you,

- Tyler

Nginx

2020-12-31T20:21:02Z

KNapier: Added to the end of the Adding other domains (that aren't subdomains) to help with the flow of adding domains.

==About==
Nginx (pronounced engine-x) is web server which can also be used proxy, load balancer, mail proxy and HTTP cache. It's also a modern alternative to something like Apache, IIS, or Caddy.

==Prerequisites==
An nginx installation should be pretty accessible regardless of your OS. This guide is specifically written for Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS, but should work on any other type of Unix operating system. The setup that we're using is commonly referred to as a LEMP stack (Linux, nginx, MySQL, PHP.)

*nginx/1.14.0 (Ubuntu)
*PHP 7.2.10-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (cli)
*MySQL v14.14 Distribution 5.7.24

If you've just installed a new operating system, you'll want to update your local package index by running <code>sudo apt-get update</code>, and then add the Universe repository by running <code>sudo apt-add-repository universe</code>.

==Installing nginx==
To start, you're going to want to install nginx using the aptitude package manager. You can do this by running <code>sudo apt-get install nginx</code>. Once you run that, you'll want to go through the configuration prompt that appears.

.

After nginx and its subsequent dependencies have finished installing, you'll want to let it through the firewall by running <code>sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'</code>. Check what your current IP is by running <code>ifconfig</code>, and then look for whatever interface looks correct. In this instance, the proper interface is <code>eth0</code>.

.

[[File:Ifconfig-example.png|left|frame|an example of the results from ifconfig]]
After running the command, the first indented line should say '''''inet''''' and then an IP address afterwards. Verify functionality of nginx by going to your web browser and typing <code><nowiki>http://{ip}/</nowiki></code> where <code>{ip}</code> is what follows after '''''inet'''''.

If the default nginx page displays, continue to the next section.

.

.

.

.

.

==Installing MySQL==
The process of installing MySQL is fairly similar to installing nginx, although MySQL does require a little bit of configuration before it will function properly. Start off by running <code>sudo apt-get install mysql-server</code>, and then once it finishes run the setup script by typing <code>sudo mysql_secure_installation</code>.

.

The first thing that the installations script will ask you is if you'd like to enable the <code>VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN</code>, but don't. If you don't care about why, then skip to the next paragraph, but if you do, keep reading. Essentially, the plugin throws errors if passwords don't meet specific criteria. This causes issues if you either a.) use weak passwords, or b.) install a package that automatically compiles and creates a default account with basic credentials. '''It is always good practice to use strong passwords for everything, and database credentials are no exception.'''

.

Say yes to the rest of the questions and use good judgement if it asks something that requires anything other than a Y/N input.

==Installing PHP==
Again, installing PHP is very similar to two sections preceding this one. Start off by installing the <code>php-fpm</code> and <code>php-mysql</code> packages by running <code>sudo apt-get install php-fpm php-mysql</code>. After it installs, you'll want to edit <code>php.ini</code> by running <code>sudo vim /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini</code>.

.

'''''Note:''' If the file isn't found, check'' the directory path by using the <code>cd</code> command and seeing where something doesn't exist.

.

If you're using Vim, type a <code>?</code> and search for <code>cgi.fix_pathinfo</code>. You should be taken to a line that's commented out and says <code>;cgi.fix_pathinfo=0</code> or something similar. Press the <code>i</code> key to start editing and remove the <code>;</code> to uncomment it. If the variable is set to 1, change it to 0. Press the <code>escape</code> key and type <code>:wq</code> to save and quit your changes. If you didn't run Vim as a superuser (if you didn't run the command with <code>sudo</code>), it will throw and error and the file won't save.

.

Once the file saves, run <code>sudo systemctl restart php7.2-fpm</code> to restart PHP.

==Configuring nginx==
The configuration for nginx is a little different compared to anything you might be used to. To start, there are two directories: <code>sites-available</code> and <code>sites-enabled</code>. The former directory actually contains the configuration files, while the latter contains symbolic links to the configuration files and enables them.

.

To start, lets say that we wanted to configure our nginx server to work with the domain <code>example.ms</code>. First, we'd want to verify that the directory <code>/var/www/example.ms</code> exists. Move to the <code>sites-available</code> directory by entering the command <code>cd /etc/nginx/sites-available</code>. Next, you'll want to create a new configuration file with the name of the domain. You can either by running <code>sudo touch example.ms && sudo vim example.ms</code> or simply by running <code>sudo vim example.ms</code> since Vim creates the file if it doesn't exist. Again, press <code>i</code> to edit the file. Once you're in edit mode, you'll want the contents to look something like this:<pre>
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;

# this is a comment! you don't have to include this, but if you're not
# going to be using a domain, then you can replace it with an IP
server_name example.ms;

root /var/www/example.ms;
index index.php index.html index.htm;

location = /favicon.io {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}

location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}

location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$args;
}

location ~ \.php$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}

location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ {
expires max;
log_not_found off;
}
}
</pre>'''''Tip:''' You can periodically save your configuration file by pressing <code>escape</code>, typing <code>:w</code> , and then pressing <code>i</code> again to edit the file.''

''.''

Once you're completely done editing, save and quit the file by pressing the escape key and typing <code>:wq</code>. Finally, you can check your configuration file for errors by running <code>sudo nginx -t</code>. If there are any errors, refer back to your configuration file and see where you went wrong. In the event that nginx threw an error, review your configuration file and look for any missing <code>{</code>, <code>}</code>, or <code>;</code>. Every line that doesn't have curly brackets should end in a semicolon, which is probably the issue. If that isn't, then refer to your favorite search engine and start researching.

.

If nothing went wrong, and your configuration file is completely free of errors, run <code>cd ../sites-enabled</code> to move to the sites-enabled directory. Finally, to enable your website, run <code>sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.ms ./</code> to create the symbolic link to your configuration file, and then run <code>sudo systemctl restart nginx</code> to restart nginx and make your changes go live.

==Verifying Functionality==
Of course, you'll want to make sure that everything you just did actually works. Run <code>cd /var/www/example.ms && sudo vim info.php</code> to move to your websites home directory and create the file <code>info.php</code>. Inside of the file, type the following:<pre>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
</pre>... and then save and quit the file by pressing <code>escape</code> and typing <code>:wq</code>. Now, go to <code><nowiki>http://example.ms/info.php</nowiki></code>. If you didn't configure the nameservers for your domain to point to your new nginx server, then just replace the domain name with the IP of the server (refer to the <code>ifconfig</code> part of the [[Nginx#Installing nginx|Installing nginx]] section if you don't know how.)

.

If everything worked properly, you should see a PHP information page with a bunch of library authors and enabled modules. If it doesn't, research!

==Subdomains==
Adding subdomains is really easy and doesn't require a lot of effort. You'll just need to remember the general process from the [[Nginx#Configuring nginx|Configuring nginx]] section.

.

To start, navigate to the <code>sites-available</code> directory by running <code>cd /etc/nginx/sites-available</code>. Then, you can either copy a pre-existing configuration by running <code>sudo cp example.ms subdomain.example.ms</code> or creating a new file by running <code>sudo vim subdomain.example.ms</code>. If you copied it, edit the file by running <code>sudo vim subdomain.example.ms</code>.

===What needs to be changed===
The only important things that need to be changed are the <code>root</code> and <code>server_name</code> variables. Press <code>i</code> to start editing the file in Vim, and then find where the variables are located. Change the <code>root</code> variable to an updated path where the contents for the subdomain can be found. Generally, good practice for this is to create a new folder in the primary domains path with the name of the subdomain. So, if we were trying to create <code>subdomain.example.ms</code>, we'd create a new folder by running the command <code>sudo mkdir /var/www/example.ms/subdomain</code>. Then, we'd modify our <code>root</code> variable to look something like this:<pre>
# before
root /var/www/example.ms;

# after
root /var/www/example.ms/subdomain;
</pre>The <code>server_name</code> variable is just as simple. Just add the subdomain prefix to the beginning of your domain:
# before
server_name example.ms;

# after
server_name subdomain.example.ms;
Once you've made the proper changes, save and quit the file by pressing <code>escape</code> and typing <code>:wq</code>. Then, run <code>cd ../sites-enabled && sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/subdomain.example.ms ./</code> and restart nginx by running <code>sudo systemctl restart nginx</code>.

==Adding other domains (that aren't subdomains)==
The process is exactly the same as adding a subdomain, except instead of adding a prefix the value of <code>server_name</code> you'll just completely change the domain. Again, don't forget to create the symbolic link to the configuration file and ''especially'' don't forget to restart nginx after saving the config/creating the symbolic link. When you're creating the folder to contain the contents for the server, create a new folder that has the name of the domain. So, for instance, if I was creating example2.ms, I'd run <code>sudo mkdir /var/www/example2.ms</code>. Now that the domain is ready go to [http://wiki.24pin.tech/index.php?title=WordPress WordPress]if you are planning on using WordPress as your editor.

==Conclusion==
By now, your nginx server should be up and fully operational. As always, if you're having any issues please STFW before you ask people for advice!

.

Thank you,

- Tyler

Freyr

2020-03-09T20:29:25Z

KNapier: Started services

==General Overview==
Freyr (10.21.25.5) is a backup server for Logan. It primarily functions as a backup for [[Logan]] which is our print server, BDC (backup domain controller), host our DHCP/DNS backups and is our LEMP (NGINX) server. All it does is Hyper-V boomer.

==System Information==

*Processor: Intel Xeon E5620 @2.40 GHz (16CPUs)
*Memory: 48.0 GB DDR3
*Storage: HP LOGICAL VOLUME SCSI Disk
*System Model: ProLiant DL 360G7

== Services ==
Freyr is a backup for Logan but it isn't one of our Domain Controllers so it dosn't run as many services as Logan

Freyr

2020-03-09T20:17:49Z

KNapier: I added what I needed to

==General Overview==
Freyr (10.21.25.5) is a backup server for Logan. It primarily functions as a backup for [[Logan]] which is our print server, BDC (backup domain controller), host our DHCP/DNS backups and is our LEMP (NGINX) server. All it does is Hyper-V boomer.

=System Information=

*Processor: Intel Xeon E5620 @2.40 GHz (16CPUs)
*Memory: 48.0 GB DDR3
*Storage: HP LOGICAL VOLUME SCSI Disk
*System Model: ProLiant DL 360G7

Freyr

2020-02-25T20:11:54Z

KNapier: Added a General Overview to Freyr

Logan (Retired)

2020-02-25T20:06:16Z

KNapier: Changed the outdated Apache information to NGINX

==General Overview==
Logan (10.21.25.10) 1 out of 2 of the Dell PowerEdge R430's that we have in Mr. Chamberlain's room. It primarily functions as a print server, BDC (backup domain controller), a host for our DHCP/DNS backups, and a LEMP (NGINX) server.

==System information==
Logan runs the Windows Server 2016 Standard Edition OS Version 10.0 Build 14393, has 16.0 GB of memory available. Processor is Intel Core Xeon CPU E5-2620 @ 2.10GHz (16CPUs).

==Services==
Since Logan is one of our Domain Controllers, there are services that Logan runs in order to keep everything running smoothly. Services include:

DHCP

DNS

Active Directory

IDRAC

NGINX

Parsoid

==Programs==
These applications were installed onto Logan to help support and secure the network even further.

BeyondTrust Network Scanner

DCdiag

Spiceworks

LoganWeb

Hyper-V Manager

==Startup==
There is currently only 1 file in the startup folder which is a visual basic script to start up the Parsoid server. The code for that can be seen as follows:<pre>
set w = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
w.Run chr(34) & "C:\Program Files\nodejs\parsoid\parsoid.bat" & chr(34), 0
set w = Nothing
</pre>

==Print Services==
There are currently 2 active print servers on Logan: one for the <code>Brother HL-4570CDW</code> printer, and one for the <code>HP LaserJet P4014 UPD PCL 6</code> printer.

[[File:Logan_PrintAllPrinters.png]]

Below is the advanced configuration page for both of the main printers.

[[File:Printers-advanced_logan.png|frameless|600x600px]]

==Backup Domain Controller==
Logan is a backup domain controller for Loki, meaning it is on hot standby for [[DNS]] and [[Active Directory]].

==DHCP==
Logan runs as a backup [[DHCP]] server for [[Loki]].

==LEMP Stack (Nginx Server)==
Everything you need to know about our web server can be found on the [http://wiki.24pin.tech/index.php?title=Nginx Nginx] page. It covers everything ranging from installation to configuration, and covers the basics to troubleshooting.

Logan (Retired)

2020-01-17T20:28:18Z

KNapier: Changed the WAMP section to LEMP.

==General Overview==
Logan (10.21.25.10) 1 out of 2 of the Dell PowerEdge R430's that we have in Mr. Chamberlain's room. It primarily functions as a print server, BDC (backup domain controller, a host for our DHCP/DNS backups, and a WAMP (Apache) server.

==Startup==
There is currently only 1 file in the startup folder which is a visual basic script to start up the Parsoid server. The code for that can be seen as follows:<pre>
set w = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
w.Run chr(34) & "C:\Program Files\nodejs\parsoid\parsoid.bat" & chr(34), 0
set w = Nothing
</pre>

==Print Services==
There are currently 2 active print servers on Logan: one for the <code>Brother HL-4570CDW</code> printer, and one for the <code>HP LaserJet P4014 UPD PCL 6</code> printer.

[[File:Logan_PrintAllPrinters.png]]

Below is the advanced configuration page for both of the main printers.

[[File:Printers-advanced_logan.png|frameless|600x600px]]

==Backup Domain Controller==
Logan is a backup domain controller for Loki, meaning it is on hot standby for [[DNS]] and [[Active Directory]].

==DHCP==
Logan runs as a backup [[DHCP]] server for [[Loki]].

==LEMP Stack (Nginx Server)==
Everything you need to know about our web server can be found on the [http://wiki.24pin.tech/index.php?title=Nginx Nginx] page. It covers everything ranging from installation to configuration, and covers the basics to troubleshooting.

User:Freyes

2020-01-14T20:30:05Z

KNapier:

big dumb[[File:CIJH0069.jpg|thumb]]

Exporting and Importing Virtual Machines (Hyper-V)

2019-12-11T18:26:30Z

KNapier: Added caption.

==Introduction==
To export and import virtual machine with Hyper-V you will need to activate Hyper-v on both Windows machines. You would do this when you want to transfer a virtual machine (like Logan) to a different Windows machine.

==Export==
[[File:Export and Import screenshot 1.png|thumb|Hyper-V Manager window with Import and Export options circled.]]
To export a virtual machine you want to log into the Window machine you want to export a virtual machine from. After you log on you want to open ‘Hyper-V Manager’. Select the virtual machine you want and select ‘Export…’.Type in where you want to save it or left click browse and save it to a folder in your Local Disk (C:) (you may need to make a folder in the Local Disk to store the virtual machine). Once you have chosen a location click ‘Export’. Then wait for it to export. After it has exported transfer it from your Local Disk to the Shared Storage.

==Import==
To import a virtual machine you want to log into the Window machine you want to import a virtual machine onto. Open File Explorer and transfer the virtual machine from the Shared Storage to the Local Disk. Open up ‘Hyper-V Manager’ on the server you want the virtual machine on. Click ‘Import Virtual Machine…’. On the Import Virtual Machine window click ‘Next’. Type in the location you want to import the server from or click browse and find the location you want to import from in your Local Disk.Click ‘Next’. Chose the import type, click next. Click finish

==Link that could help==
<blockquote>https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/deploy/export-and-import-virtual-machines</blockquote>

Exporting and Importing Virtual Machines (Hyper-V)

2019-12-11T18:23:22Z

KNapier: Added picture.

==Introduction==
To export and import virtual machine with Hyper-V you will need to activate Hyper-v on both Windows machines. You would do this when you want to transfer a virtual machine (like Logan) to a different Windows machine.

==Export==
[[File:Export and Import screenshot 1.png|thumb]]
To export a virtual machine you want to log into the Window machine you want to export a virtual machine from. After you log on you want to open ‘Hyper-V Manager’. Select the virtual machine you want and select ‘Export…’.Type in where you want to save it or left click browse and save it to a folder in your Local Disk (C:) (you may need to make a folder in the Local Disk to store the virtual machine). Once you have chosen a location click ‘Export’. Then wait for it to export. After it has exported transfer it from your Local Disk to the Shared Storage.

==Import==
To import a virtual machine you want to log into the Window machine you want to import a virtual machine onto. Open File Explorer and transfer the virtual machine from the Shared Storage to the Local Disk. Open up ‘Hyper-V Manager’ on the server you want the virtual machine on. Click ‘Import Virtual Machine…’. On the Import Virtual Machine window click ‘Next’. Type in the location you want to import the server from or click browse and find the location you want to import from in your Local Disk.Click ‘Next’. Chose the import type, click next. Click finish

==Link that could help==
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/deploy/export-and-import-virtual-machines

File:Export and Import screenshot 1.png

2019-12-11T18:22:34Z

KNapier:

screenshot of export and import button.

Exporting and Importing Virtual Machines (Hyper-V)

2019-12-11T18:21:19Z

KNapier: I added everything

== Introduction ==
To export and import virtual machine with Hyper-V you will need to activate Hyper-v on both Windows machines. You would do this when you want to transfer a virtual machine (like Logan) to a different Windows machine.

== Export ==
To export a virtual machine you want to log into the Window machine you want to export a virtual machine from. After you log on you want to open ‘Hyper-V Manager’. Select the virtual machine you want and select ‘Export…’.Type in where you want to save it or left click browse and save it to a folder in your Local Disk (C:) (you may need to make a folder in the Local Disk to store the virtual machine). Once you have chosen a location click ‘Export’. Then wait for it to export. After it has exported transfer it from your Local Disk to the Shared Storage.

== Import ==
To import a virtual machine you want to log into the Window machine you want to import a virtual machine onto. Open File Explorer and transfer the virtual machine from the Shared Storage to the Local Disk. Open up ‘Hyper-V Manager’ on the server you want the virtual machine on. Click ‘Import Virtual Machine…’. On the Import Virtual Machine window click ‘Next’. Type in the location you want to import the server from or click browse and find the location you want to import from in your Local Disk.Click ‘Next’. Chose the import type, click next. Click finish

== Link that could help ==
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/virtualization/hyper-v/deploy/export-and-import-virtual-machines

Exporting and Importing Virtual Machines (Hyper-V)

2019-12-11T18:19:36Z

KNapier: Created blank page